PENGERTIAN
DIRECT AND INDIRECT
Direct and Indirect Speech
Direct speech and Indirect Sentences
Direct speech (Direct Speech) is a sentence when reported speech stating the actual words. Sentences are not connected by "that" it should be with (punctuation) commas.
Sentence (indirect speech) are sentences which when reported speech gives the substance of the words used by the speaker and not the actual words. In indirect speech sentences are associated with the word "that".
Tense reporting verb is not changed, but the present tense reported speech should be modified based on the form of a reporting verb.
Direct and Indirect Speech
Direct speech and Indirect Sentences
Direct speech (Direct Speech) is a sentence when reported speech stating the actual words. Sentences are not connected by "that" it should be with (punctuation) commas.
Sentence (indirect speech) are sentences which when reported speech gives the substance of the words used by the speaker and not the actual words. In indirect speech sentences are associated with the word "that".
Tense reporting verb is not changed, but the present tense reported speech should be modified based on the form of a reporting verb.
CONTOH SOAL DIRECT AND INDIRECT
1. a. My Mother said to me "I saw your girlfriend last night with other boy" [direct]
b. My Mother said to me that she had seen my girlfriend with other boy night before [indirect]
2. a. Adimas told her friends "I have met Oji twice" [direct]
b. Adimas told her friends that he had met Oji twice [indirect]
3. a. Girls said "We don't like your dress!" [direct]
b. Girls said that they didn't like my dress [indirect]
4. a. Mom Says "I'll meet you tomorrow" [direct]
b. Mom says that she will meet me tomorrow [indirect]
1. Ryan said, “ My brother is sick.”
2. Ani Asked, “ Where is my bag?”
3. The man said, “ I did not steal the money.”
4. The boy said,” I was absent yesterday.”
5. John asked me, “ Did your father see me ?”
Change into Direct Speech!
1. Doctor said that I have to eat more fruit and vegetable.
2. Eka asked her friend if she can help her.
3. He said that he had a present for me in his bag.
4. My friend asked me if I could help him find a hotel.
5. She told the children not to make noise.
Direct &
Indirect Speech terdiri dari 3 jenis yaitu :
Statement (Statement) that use "that"
He said, "we will go to Singapore tomorrow"
He said that they would go to Singapore the next day.
Bob said, "I'm a university student"
Bob said that he was a university student.
2. Command (command) add the word "to" as a liaison with the reported sentence report. "Not to" the negative command.
He told me, "wait for me!"
He told me to wait for him.
She told me, "do not cheat anymore!"
She told me not to cheat anymore.
3. Question (FAQ) if a sentence of the type "yes or no question", then the form of a report using if or Whether.
Ina asked me, "Do you really love me?"
Ina asked me if / Whether I really loved her.
TIPS DIRECT AND
INDIRECT
V1 –> V2
V2 –> PAST PERFECT
The first form of the verb can form simple present (v1), present continuous (tobe (v1) + Ving), simple future (will (v1) + inf).
Verbs that changed was that occur after the Subject
If it's Past Perfect (past perfect / past perfect continuous) means is fixed, can not be changed anymore.
First example:
Direct Speech: Abdul says: "I have been sleeping for 3 hours"
Indirect Speech: Abdul Said that he had been sleeping for 3 hours
So we use the first formula: the word replacing occur after the subject (V1 -> V2) have aliases -> had. The change is actually happening is the present perfect tense -> Past Perfect tense.
Example two:
Direct Speech: Rashid ACKs me: "did you come to school yesterday?"
Indirect Speech: Rashid asked me if I had come to school the day before.
The formula we use: V2 -> Past perfect. The changes that happened is that of Simple Past tense to Past Perfect tense. Note: you know why not come that changed?'s In the example sentence that occur after the subject is come? it is because the format of questions. Aselinya right: you came to school yesterday. geto;-p
Third example:
Direct Speech: Gafur says: "I will have finished my duty in the end of this month"
Indirect Speech: Gafur said that he would have finished his duty in the end of this month.
The formula that we use is the first one: V1 (will) -> V2 (would). Change is a Past future perfect tense future perfect tense. But then again we do not need to memorize it, just to understand the pattern of the principles I wrote above.
V1 –> V2
V2 –> PAST PERFECT
The first form of the verb can form simple present (v1), present continuous (tobe (v1) + Ving), simple future (will (v1) + inf).
Verbs that changed was that occur after the Subject
If it's Past Perfect (past perfect / past perfect continuous) means is fixed, can not be changed anymore.
First example:
Direct Speech: Abdul says: "I have been sleeping for 3 hours"
Indirect Speech: Abdul Said that he had been sleeping for 3 hours
So we use the first formula: the word replacing occur after the subject (V1 -> V2) have aliases -> had. The change is actually happening is the present perfect tense -> Past Perfect tense.
Example two:
Direct Speech: Rashid ACKs me: "did you come to school yesterday?"
Indirect Speech: Rashid asked me if I had come to school the day before.
The formula we use: V2 -> Past perfect. The changes that happened is that of Simple Past tense to Past Perfect tense. Note: you know why not come that changed?'s In the example sentence that occur after the subject is come? it is because the format of questions. Aselinya right: you came to school yesterday. geto;-p
Third example:
Direct Speech: Gafur says: "I will have finished my duty in the end of this month"
Indirect Speech: Gafur said that he would have finished his duty in the end of this month.
The formula that we use is the first one: V1 (will) -> V2 (would). Change is a Past future perfect tense future perfect tense. But then again we do not need to memorize it, just to understand the pattern of the principles I wrote above.
